Process of casting steel articles.



C..E. SHIELDS.

PROCESS OF CASTING STEEL ARTICLES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE I5. 19H.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH 510., WASHINGTON, D. C

nnirnp STATES rnrrnnr onnron.

CARL E. SHIELDSQOF ROCK ISLAND, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF CASTING STEEL ARTICLES.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL E. SHIELDS, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Rock Island, Rock Island county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes of Casting Steel Articles, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to an improved process of making an article such as a bench vise or other similar article which is provided with a tool steel facing.

More particularly my invention relates to an improved method of casting the body portion of a vise jaw and at the same time welding a tool steel face thereto. Great difficulty has been experienced heretofore in making castings of this nature, in that the tool steel face does not adhere firmly thereto. It has been the practice to pour the molten material into the mold from the side of the mold and against the tool steel face, whereby only a portion of the molten metal comes in contact with the steel face. With this method, however, it was found that the facing was not securely welded to the body of the casting. By my improved process I pour the molten material into the mold in such a manner that substantially the entire body of molten material flows over the face plate, whereby this plate is subject to greatly increased heat a and is securely welded to the body of the jaw.

These and other objects of my invention will be more clearlyunderstood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, and in which- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a two-part mold flask for casting vise jaws. Fig. 2 shows a perspective of a completed vise jaw. Fig. 8 is a perspective of the tool steel facing. Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of part of one i of the mold sections.

In the figures, similar reference characters refer to similar parts.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a flask comprising the lower section or drag 1 and theupper section or cope 2. Four molds 3 are shown in the drag, and corresponding molds 4. in the cope. The mold is first formed in the drag. In the construction shown in the drawings, this mold comprises a section 7 which forms the tail piece for the jaw, and a small section .8 which forms a part of the Specification of Letters Patent. Patent d A 191% Application filed June 15, 1911.

Serial No. 633,250.

placed in position upon the drag section 1.

A sprue channel 6 is formed in the cope,

which channel. extends downwardly and then horizontally past the various molds 3.

This channel extends transversely adjacent to thesection 8 of the mold as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Suitable gates or openings 9 are provided from this channel into the mold sections, these gates being positioned adj acent to the tool steel faces, as shown. The molten material is then poured into the sprue channel 6 in the top of the flask, shown in dotted lines, and passes, aided by gravity, through the gates or openings 9 into the various molds passing over the face plates 5 in a thin stream. Coming in con? tact with the plates 5 under conditions of great heat,and the fact that the entire body of molten metal which passes into the mold must pass over these plates in a thin stream causes these plates to become highly heated, and thus secures a perfect welding of these plates to the body portion of the jaw. It has been found that where a portion only of the molten metal came in contact with the tool steel face the plate was not sufficiently heated to insure proper welding.

It will be seen that by my improved method I have overcome these defects, and have devised a. simple and eficient method which insures a perfect welding.

It will be observed that for the proper carrying out of my method, it is important that the mold shall have two cavities and j that the metal shall be poured or run into one of the cavities near the bottom thereof, and, after filling said cavity, shall flow over into the other cavity, which latter cavity is preferably the larger one. The steel plate to be welded is placed in the bottom of the entrance cavity just below the gate 9, so that the incoming metal will first accumulate in a pool covering the plate and thence fiow over into the other cavity. In this way a pool of molten metal of maximum temperature is maintained directly over the plate during the entire pouring action, the

incoming metal being delivered at the bottom of this pool where it will strike directly against the steel plate and thus maintain or shank portion of the jaw member.

metal to a maximum extent in bringing about a deep and thorough weld of the steel plate in the casting.

My process lends itself nicely to the casting of the jaw member of a vise, since in this case the plate-receiving cavity of the mold will be of smaller capacity as compared with the other cavity, this other cavity being for the formation of the bar When used for casting these jaw members, it will be seen that a small pool of hot metal will be maintained over the plate during the entire time of pouring the'metal for the large shank or bar part of the jaw member, so

that there is ample time for the steel plate to be brought up to and maintained at welding'temperature during the pouring action, while at the same time this heating of the steel plate does not materially reduce the temperature of the mass of molten metal that goes to make up the entire article.

lVhile I have described my improved process in connection with a particular type of flask and for making jaws for bench vises, it is to be understood that I do not wish to limit myself to any particular type of mold flask nor to the making of any article, but my improved process may be used for casting any article to which it is desired to attach a tool steel face or point.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. The method herein described of making a casting having a welded steel face plate, consisting in first forming a mold having two cavities connected together at their upper ends. placing the plate to be welded in the bottom of one of said cavities, and then filling the mold with molten metal by pouring. the same into the mold at the bottom of the cavity containing the plate.

whereby the molten. incoming metal will form a pool in the cavity containing the plate and thence flow over into the other cavity, whereby a pool of maximum temperature will be maintained directly over the plate during the entire pouring action.

2. The process of casting jaws for bench vises and attaching a steel facing thereto which consists in forming in the lower sec- Gopies of this patent may be obtained for tion of a two part flask an upright mold for the shank of the jaw, placing the steel facing in position on the upper surface of the portion of said mold adjacent to said shank, then forming in the other part of said flask a mold corresponding to the remaining portion of said jaw, and placing the second part of said flask in position on the top of said lower portion of said flask, then forming a sprue channel terminating in a gate having a restricted opening extending substantially the entire length of the long side of said plate and approximate to the upper surface of said plate, and then pouring the molten metal through said sprue and gate in a thin stream over the surface of the steel facing, whereby the metal is forced upward through the portion of the mold contained in the upper section of the flask, and then into the shank portion of the mold formed in the lower part of the flask. in such manner that substantially the whole body of molten metal comes in contact with the steel facing, to heat the facing and the weight of the metal above the facing causes welding pressure to securely weld the facing to the body of the metal.

3. The process herein described of casting jaw members for bench vises having a steel facing plate welded to the working face of the jaw, consisting in first forming a mold having a large vertical cavity for the bar or shank member and a smaller cavity connected to the upper end of the aforesaid cavity, this smaller cavity being for the formation of-the jaw proper, then placing the steel plate in the bottom of the smaller cavity, and then filling the mold with molten metal. by pouring the same into the smaller cavity so as to flow directly onto the upper surface of the steel plate, whereby the incoming metal will accumulate in a pool over said plate, and thence flow into the larger cavity of the mold whereby a pool of metal of maximum temperature is maintained immediately above the steel plate during the entire pouring action.

Signed by me at Rock Island, Illinois, this 12thday of June, 1911.

CARL E. SHIELDS.

lVitnesses L. C. Downrxe, F. W. THIESON.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patentl, Washington. D. G. 

